Preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) checks embryos created by IVF for genetic or chromosomal problems before they are transferred to the uterus. There are three main types:
- PGT-A: screens embryos for an abnormal number of chromosomes (aneuploidy), which is the main cause of failed implantation and miscarriage, especially as the woman’s age increases.
- PGT-M: tests for a specific inherited single-gene disease that runs in the family, such as thalassaemia or cystic fibrosis.
- PGT-SR: for couples where one partner carries a chromosomal rearrangement, such as a balanced translocation.
How it is done
Today, the biopsy is performed on day-5 blastocysts: a laser makes a small opening in the embryo’s shell and a few cells are taken from the outer layer (trophectoderm), which will later form the placenta, not the baby. The embryos are frozen while the cells are analysed, usually by next-generation sequencing (NGS), and an unaffected embryo is transferred in a later frozen cycle. Older methods, which removed a single cell from a day-3 embryo and analysed it with FISH, have been replaced because they were less accurate and more harmful to the embryo.
Who may benefit?
PGT-M and PGT-SR are clearly indicated for couples with a known genetic condition or chromosomal rearrangement. PGT-A may be considered in older women, recurrent miscarriage or repeated IVF failure, though it reduces miscarriage and time to pregnancy rather than guaranteeing a baby. Because it reports the sex chromosomes, PGT is also the basis of gender selection (family balancing).
International Guidelines
In line with global standards, Dr. Sabry follows the latest recommendations from the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM), European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE), and Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG). Thus, patients receive care that is safe, ethical, and evidence-based.
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Why Choose Dr. Ashraf Sabry?
Dr. Ashraf Sabry, consultant in obstetrics, gynecology, fertility, and aesthetic gynecology, is recognized among the best OBGYN and fertility specialists in Cairo. With over 20 years of experience, he combines science and compassion to provide world-class care. Book your appointment through the contact page, WhatsApp, or call +201022224442.